Nippers for making piano-chord loops for aeroplanes



` Patented Feb. 10,1920.

MMX

APPLICAUON FILED'JUNE 8. i918- narra NIPPERS FOR MAKING PIANO-CIIORD LOOPS FOR AEROPLANES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Fen-1o, 1920. f

Application filed lTune 8, 1918. Serial'No. 239,032.

points of attachment vwhereby the shrouds;

are fixed to the studs upon which they eXert a traction.

At the present time this eyelet or loop 1s 'obtained by meansl of ordinary round nippers. The operator begins by turning oif a first elbow, then he winds the'wire around one'of the jaws endor beak of the nippers and he thus forms the second elbow. For

" thick chords, the eyelet cannot be made on the spot it must be made upon a firmly fixed mandrel, before' it is fitted up. e

In thus operating 1t is very difficult tov get' a perfect evenness in the form of the loops. This work requires great skill from the workman and causes a loss of time. Moreover for thick wires the 'loops of which cannot be made right off," it frequently occurs that the fitting Vup is laborious, as such .loops are not always at the exact spot where they should be.

The nippers which form-the object of this invention are intended to remedy such defects by securing the evenness of the loops with all`l kinds'of wires of average or heavy cross section while sparing a good deal of time. Also, inf the case of thick wires, the nippers enable the loops to be made in the spot, according to the iitters requirements and hence with all necessary precision.

In the accompanying drawings: Y

Figure l is a front view ofl the nippers closed.

Fig. 2 is a side view;

Fig. 3 is a cross section on an enlarged scale showing the two nipper jaws;

Fig. 4 is a plan view. Y

Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are horizontal sections on line A-A of Fig. 3 and show the three formation stages of the loop.

As shown in the drawings, the nippers consist of two jaws a and b pivoted upon a pin or axis c; the upper part 'al of the jaw a.)

of screws e. The part d forms. a housing for two pivotable cams'f and f1 ofpeculiar shape the lower ends of the axes of whichy rest in circular recesses formed in the. part Zal while their upper ends enter the openings Z1 of the part d.

The inner surfaces of the cams f, f1' converge upwardly and semicircular4 grooves f3 the diameter of which corresponds to dierinner surfaces; those. having the smallest diameter are at the upperpart whereas thosewith an average diameter are in`I the 'middle and those. with the biggest diameter are atA the base leaving thus between twosimilariv semicirculargrooves an annular spacef-havA ing a diameter-proportionate to.' the thickness .of the wire'.-

The horizontal cross Vsectional outlines di of the: cams f f1' formfin their front end two heel pieces f3 the' distancey between which; when atrest is equal to the outsidediameter" of the eyelet'tobe formed 'and at theirfoppi site ends two Ybeaks .f4 are in 'contact atxtheir. apices andy are held in that position by-faa spiral spring g; The upper part of the :jaw a is terminatedby a mandrel `or head 7L'. tapering upwardly which enters the spacel between the two cams f f1 when the nippers are closed. .Sa-id head is provided opposite the semicircular cam grooves f2 withy similar: grooves h1.

The horizontal` cross sectional outline of. the mandrel it shows in front va half round' part prolongedby 1a Vrectangular part thesides of' which are curved inwardly, the whole of this arrangement gives the outline of thek loop to be formed.

The formation of the eyeletl orv loop is carrie'don in the following manner: j

The .two nipper .jaws-arel opened and .thory shroud -wire z'. is placedin the'groovefzh1v of: the mandrel: h corresponding .tof itsdiameteri'- so that this wire may be pinched between the half round head of the mandrel and the heel pieces f3 of the cams f f1 as shown in Fig. 5; the points of contact of the heel pieces f3 should be for this position of the jaws at a distance one from the other slightly greater than that between the center of the axes of the cams. By pressing the two nipper handles or jaws a b in order to close them ent thicknesses of wire are formed ina-.said

` assume the shape of the mandrel t (Fig. 7).

l The eyelet or loop is thus completed, having been rapidly formed by a mere pressure on the nipper handles or jaws at a proper point of the wire without needing any other heavy or cumbersome tools.

` When the wire is withdrawn from the nippers the cams are brought back into their initial position by the spiral spring g.

Having now described my invention', what l I claim as new and desire to secure by Let ters Patent is:

l. A wire nip'per comprising in combination two members adapted to cross each other at a pointl intermediate of their length. and comprising each'a handle and a jaw, a fulcrum at said point, about which said members are adaptedto pivot,`a mandrel on one Jaw provided with inwardly curved side faces, two cams pivoted on the other jaw and having rounded tails adapted to cooperate respectively with the curved side faces of the mandrel and noses adapted to come in contact one with the other and a spring tending to hold said cam noses in contact. .-fa'

2. A. wire nipper comprising in combination two members. adapted to cross each other at a point intermediate of their length and comprising .each a handle and a jaw, a fulcrum at said point about which said members are adapted to pivot, a mandrel on one jaw provided with inwardly curved sideV faces, two cams pivoted on the other jaw and having rounded tails adapted to cooperate respectively with the curved side faces of the mandrel and noses adapted to come in contact one with the other, a spring tending to hold. said cam noses in contact, the acting surfaces of the mandrel and cams converging upwardly and being provided' with grooves having a semicircular cross section, the grooves having respectively different diameters which decrease progressively from one groove to the neXt in an upward direction.

3. A wire nipper comprising in combina*v tion two members adapted to cross each other at a point intermediate of their length and comprising each a handle and a jaw, a fulcrum at said point, about which said members are adapted to pivot, a mandrel on one jaw provided with inwardly curved side faces, two cams pivoted on the other jaw and having rounded tails adapted to cooperate respectively with the curved side faces of the mandrel and noses adapted to come in contact one with the other, a spring tending to hold said cam noses in contact, and a housing removably secured on the cam carrying jaw, the cams being provided at their upper and lower end with trunnions adapted to respectively.

4. A wire nipper comprising in combination two members adapted to cross each other at a point intermediate of their length. and comprising each a handle and a jaw, a

fulcrum at said point, about which said members are adapted to pivot, a mandrel on one jaw provided with inwardly curved side faces, two cams pivoted on the other jaw and having rounded tails adapted to cooperate respectively with the curved side faces of the mandrel and noses adapted to come in contact one with the other', a spring tending to hold said cam noses in contact, and a housing removably secured on the cam carrying jaw, the cam being provided at their upper and lower ends with trunnions adapted to pivot in the jaw and the housing, respectively, the cam carrying jaw being provided with a mortise in which the mandrel carrying jaw is guided.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing` witnesses.

l FRANCIS ATHIMON.

pivot in the jaw and the housing, 

